Questions from Grover – p.148

1.What is a database? An organized body of related information.

2.What is the most important function of a database? The most important function of a database is to access data.

3.What are the advantages of using a database? The advantages of using a database are that information is organized and can be easily accessed.

4.The table below contains data about some books in a library.  What other data might be included in a library’s database about its books? Other information could be:

Who is borrowing the book? (Name of student)

5.What items of data would be relevant for a database in a supermarket? Items of data which would be relevant would be the type of food, price and origin of food.

6.You would expect a video hire shop to have a computerized database.  What is the advantage of this from the owner’s viewpoint?  How would it benefit the customer?

An advantage for the owner is that he can find who has borrowed videos and how long is it until it is over-due. An advantage for customer is that they can what videos they have at home.

7.How would you find out about available flights to Europe for the next school holidays? You can find available flights to Europe by accessing a flight database which can be available online such as websites, flight centre.com.

Questions from Grover – p.150

1. What are the main components of a database? File, record field

2. What is the difference between a record and a field? Field – Is a subdivision of a record containing a specified piece of data, record – a collection of facts about an entity in a database, made up of more than one related fields.

3. What are primary keys?  What are they used for? A primary key is a key which identifies a record. It is used for identification.

4. Draw up a table which could be used for data about students who borrow books from a library.  Identify and label a record, a field and the primary key.

5. Why would we not put the students’ data in the same file as the books?

We would not put the data in the same file because for privacy issues.

6.If data is repeated unnecessarily in a table, it is called redundant.  Why do you think that databases should be designed to minimize data redundancy?

I believe databases should be designed to minimize redundancy  because it will waste data management space for no reason. 

An example of virtual reality is second life. This software allows users to become a character in a world, in which they can input money.During the game they can spend money on products ajnd services. They can even buy property. It is very realistic because the characters look real and users can talk to other users around the world without any delay.

Simulation is the imitation of something real, a process or an event. Simulation are usually used to determine the future outcomes of a certain event if something occurs. Simulations just mimic events that could occur in real life without the obvious catastrophes. An example would be Gran Turismo 4. This is a car simulation which allows the user to crash. It is very realistic and fun to play. It is used for entertainment and simulation practice by real drivers.

What hardware is needed for the simulation?

For Gran Turismo 4 you need a PS2 or PS3. The different PS gives different qualities of the same game. Furthermore you need a TV.

What software is needed for the simulation?

Fro this simulation you need the game Gran Turismo. A older version now only costs $30.

Where do you think this type of simulation might go in the future?

I believe this kind of technology can develop further and can become great. Gran Turismo can be developed with greater detail and precession and maybe one day racing and normal drivers can use it to practice.

Forward Chaining

Forward chaining is one of the two main methods of reasoning with AI. Here is an example of forward chaining to try and find the colour of an animal:

1. If z has feathers and flies – Then z is a bird
2. If z furry  - Then z is a  bear
3. If z is chocolate – Then z is brown
4. If z is a polar bear - Then z is white

Backward Chaining

One of the two main methods of reasoning with AI. Starts with a list of goals (hypothesis) and works backwards from to find the solution and if the hypothesis is supported. For example:

Goal find x

x=4 and answer is 26

Therefore the rule or general term is

y= x^2 + 10

The Turing test is a proposal for a test of a machine’s capability to perform human-like conversation.

Is the Turing Test a valid test of intelligence?

The turing test is a valid test because it tests for intelligence by using natural language which tests elements of common sense and knowledge.

CHATBOT:

I believe this chatbot passes the turing test because it is able to engage in a conversation. A downfall though was that the chatbot hardly asked questions, and the user had to engage first.

COMMENTS -

Peter

Lawerence

AI stands for  artificial intelligence. This is software that tries to emulate human thinking, emotions and learning techniques such as a chess program that memorizes your moves, employs a strategy and makes comments about your tactics.

Is AI achievable?

Many people believe that AI is not achievable, however I believe it is. With the rate of technology change we can just predict that in the future there will be AI technology.

An example is the chess program which  memorizes your moves, employs a strategy and makes comments about your tactics. This software is very close to AI technology, and some critics even believe it is.

How is AI represented in films?

A key example of a films or films which have AI technology is the classic Star Wars series. It has many robots which have artifical technoly. The robots can talk, move and even do work without human control but artifical intelligence. Therefore AI is represented as a technology available in the future.

Another example is the movie I-Robot. In this movie all of the robots obey their masters but once they begin to learn and adapt they begin to revolt and make their own decisions. They turn bad and disobey the orders given to them. This movie represents AI as being a bad thing and not a good thing in the future like how Star Wars represents it.

Which film do you think represents AI in the most plausible way?

I believe Star Wars represents AI in the most plausible way, because it shows that AI is a good thing and not a bad thing shown in I-Robot. Furthermore it the robots in Star Wars are friendly and do work by themslves not like I-Robot.

Plug the microwave into the power

Open microwave door

Place food into the microwave

Close microwave door

Select time

Press Start

Remove food when timer rings

2. ‘Go to the table if the telephone is ringing, pick it up and talk to the person on the other side.’

3.

Produce cake mix.

Pour cake mix into a baking tray.

Open oven door.

Place baking tray with mix in the oven.

Close oven door.

Set power.

Set time.

Remove cake when timer rings.

Scroll Up/Down Button- this button allows the scrolling up and down of a page.

2.

Basically binary conversions are very simple. The binary code corresponds to the numbers in the table, and the user only has to identify the sum of the numbers. For example line 1a) has one in the 8 column(+8), one in the 2 column(+2) and one in the 1 column(+1). This means that the user has to plus together 8 + 2 + 1 = 11.

Firstly we broke up the three tasks, and gave each member a certain part to do. I was given a quiz to do, which I found easy to start up but throughourt the usuage of Pascal I found it annoying to find mistakes. The software does not tell you exactly where the mistake is made and this made me angry at times.

I believe my group put in effort, and it might seem that we maybe could of done a better, but at the time it was difficult. Daniel and Stephen both took on the roles really well, and Aaron did not have any major task in the project, but he tried to help sometimes.